posicionamiento preciso en el Cielo de Londres

作者：Renata BarradasGutiérrez

City landmarks are not built overnight. In between planning, design and construction, there are other crucial activities - just like monitoring and positioning - happening at the same time.

22 Bishopsgate, a287-metre-tall skyscraper, rose through the air in London’s financial district in the United Kingdom. Planned with the ambition to be the capital’s first ‘vertical village’, 22 Bishopsgate is伦敦的第二高建筑。

为了构建使这个具有里程碑意义的岩心升高的核心，Careys土木工程工程公司是一家著名的建筑公司，其业务绩效记录，可增强英国和爱尔兰的社区和基础设施的建筑和自然环境，交付了混凝土工程使用自我设计的跳跃形式系统，这是英国使用的第一个。

建造62层，地板空间超过120,000平方米required Careys Civil Engineering to pour58,000立方米的混凝土并使用7,500吨加固。在如此庞大的复杂而充满挑战的项目上蓬勃发展需要创新的方法论

- 就像为Leica Geosystems为Careys土木工程开发的建筑定位系统一样。Careys土木工程设计为跳跃高层建筑的量身定制解决方案提供了参考坐标，以监视和执行施工期间的测量任务。

Doing it the Careys’ and Geosystems’ way

22个主教的两个核心墙是由Careys土木工程制造的，该墙壁工程师使用跳跃形式系统进行了几种混凝土倒入。跳板系统是用于修复模板，钢固定和混凝土的工作平台或钻机。该系统适用于高层结构中多层垂直混凝土元件的构建。

After each jump, or elevation of the rig to build a new level, the Careys Civil Engineering surveying team needed reliable coordinates to proceed setting out the structure and verifying the correct positioning of the core. The main task of the automated positioning system Leica Geosystems created is to obtain precise and reliable coordinates during the entire construction process that are not influenced by the movement of the building.

This tailor-made GNSS-based monitoring solution consisted of:

• 七Leica GM30 GNSS接收器用于监视
• 七Leica AR10 GNSS天线
• Leica GeoMoS Monitor
• Leica GNSS Spider software
• HXGN SmartNetreference station network
• 倾斜度

通过上述硬件和软件组合，Leica GeoSystems使用GNSS观测值与倾斜度计（精度倾斜传感器）一起开发了一个程序，以在上升摩天大楼的形式的顶部获得可靠的协调点。Leica Geosystems机器人总站可以看到这些协调点或主动控制点（ACP），以设置其坐标和方向。亚博5分钟快三

“在伦敦市中心的一定高度以上，地面控制点不再可用或可见。GNSS系统能够提供可靠的坐标，而无需地面控制，” said Damien Watson, senior engineer at Careys Civil Engineering, Plant and Fleet department.

为了建立自动定位系统，GNSS站与Leica GeoSystems 360度棱镜相结合，因此，GNSS传感器提供的定位信息可用于用Leica Geosystems进行调查的测量师的参考点机器人总站。亚博5分钟快三

高精度倾斜仪,固定在同一locations of the GNSS antennae, were coupled to the GNSS station to track the verticality of the GNSS antennae in order to provide, at each computation, the most accurate coordinates. SmartNet network was used to provide reference coordinates to the GNSS stations on the rigs and compute the baselines.

确保流畅的数据流

To obtain the ACP, data was collected, stored and post processed with Spider Software at a dedicated PC to deliver the most accurate coordinates for the team. Spider is the control centre software where positioning information was computed. The data from the GNSS stations on the rig and data from the SmartNet Reference Network was combined to provide every six hours the most accurate set of coordinates for each point for Careys Civil Engineering team. Spider coordinates were automatically transferred to GeoMoS Monitor where they were transformed into local coordinates and adjusted based on tiltmeters data.

“The Leica Geosystems solution allowed for a fully-automated workflow and computation of the results and fast delivery of coordinates when required, optimising costs and time of operation for the surveying team compared to different methodologies,” said Watson.

此外，该团队能够实时检查蜘蛛界面中每个单点的卫星数量和数据质量。所有这些质量检查实时提供了高水平的定位测量准确性，使土木工程建造该地标所需的地标需要。

每个跳跃和处理期之后，机器人总站都可以使用新的有效控制点坐标来测量结构中的任何标记或对象。然后，现场的Careys土木工程团队继续在所有控制点都可以看到机器人总站。

机器人总站确定了其自身的位置和方向观察控制点，并使用Geomos给出的坐标检查结果。这样，机器人总站观察到在施工期间要检查的所有相关点。

建立在上升

Accurate and reliable positioning on the status of structures displayed as actionable data is crucial to make fast and informed decisions and react to potential problems. The GNSS-based monitoring system has proven so successful that Careys Civil Engineering will be using it in future projects, such as the construction of a new tower in Manchester.

“ Leica Geosystems解决方案在需要时自动向测量团队发送参考坐标，并且在每次跳跃后结构都在建立建筑物的信心越来越好，”沃森总结。