训练first responders, paramedics, nursing staff, crisis management teams in Virtual Reality

Pioneering work of the German Red Cross and Hexagon Geosystem with the Leica BLK360 Imager

虚拟现实（VR）作为教育媒介不是一个新话题。20多年来，各种解决方案和概念一直用于军事和其他公共安全培训。但是，VR培训在医疗保健方面是新的救援服务（第一响应者，护理人员，护士）以及灾难管理方面的培训。

什么是虚拟现实？

VR training uses 3D computer graphics that depict various scenarios giving users the feeling of being on-site, as close to reality as possible. The immersion in the digital world and the interaction of the users, enhanced by haptic or audio stimuli, the ego-perspective and the feeling of “presence” complete the concept of virtual training.

在教育中使用VR

When does the use of VR-oriented training particularly makes sense? Especially in situations where the real training is expensive, time-consuming or even dangerous, as in some areas of medicine, in rescue operations (especially with volunteers), as well as in disaster management.

A recent survey of the German Federal Statistical Office shows a theoretically large potential for VR training, measured by the number of employees in German hospitals. In 2017, full-time employees in 1,925 German hospitals were as follows:

• 161,200 doctors
• 733,200名非医疗服务的人
• 23,000 persons without direct employment (out of 2,700 in the medical service)
• 328,327 persons in the nursing service.

In addition, here are the numbers of full-time and volunteer employees of the most important German aid and rescue organisations:

• 德国红十字会：140,000名员工和40万志愿者
• Deutsche Lebens-Rettungs-gesellschaft：560,000名成员
• Arbeiter Samariter Bund: 41,000 full-time employees and 20,000 volunteers
• Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe: 21,850 full-time members and 37,218 voluntary members
• Malteser Hilfsdienst e.V. and Malteser Hilfsdienst gGmbH: 35,000 full-time employees and 51,000 volunteers

为什么在虚拟现实中进行教育？

一个反复出现的论点支持虚拟训练in this area is the flexibility and the location independence of training scenarios. Depending on the area of application, a corresponding digital reality can be designed and implemented with little effort. The learning contents can be conveyed safely, since they are virtual. The further advantages include potentially increased patient safety, as even complex processes and procedures can be practiced repeatedly and higher learning effectiveness, as the "journey through the body" can be understood and practiced in detail, so that the error rate is minimised for interventions that have been practiced routinely and repeatedly.

模拟，现实的环境

For the operational reliability in a rescue or emergency scenario, response teams (including voluntary helpers) can test different approaches and procedures directly in a simulated ambulance environment. The G RC Kreisverband Herford-Stadt e.V. (German Red Cross Herford City Association) is doing pioneering work in this area under the direction of Ralf Hoffmann, managing director of the district, and Thomas Pilz, honorary digitisation officer (both: DRK Kreisverband Herford-Stadt e.V.) in cooperation with Hexagon Geosystems among others.

BLK360扫描救护车

3D digitisation of ambulances

早一个s 2019, theLeica BLK360, the smallest 3D imaging laser scanner on the market, and the Leica Pegasus:Backpack, the mobile mapping laser scanning solution, were used to digitise an ambulance. The 3D data model of the ambulance was used to create a simulator being used for training purposes by paramedics (cooperation with the Fraunhofer IGD, among others).

德语Red Cross' ambulance in VR

3D digitisation of hospital rooms

从那时起，小型而强大的BLK360在德国红十字会（GRC）使用不同的项目，圣安斯加医院的护理和医院（与该项目合作）Catholic Hospital Association Weser-Egge(KHWE) have just been scanned and digitised.

病房正在用Leica BLK3D扫描

Further projects with the GRC and theCatholic Hospital Association Weser-EggeKHWE for primary (emergency rescue) and secondary operations (intensive care and patient transport) are also forthcoming, such as the digitisation of the shock rooms as well as the examination and treatment rooms.

GRC，KHWE和Hexagon Geosystems的合亚搏苹果app作。“谢谢”视频

How does the BLK360 3D laser scanner work?

BLK360用全彩色全景图像捕获了3D的环境，这些图像被叠加在高度精确的点云上。BLK360是同类工具中最小，最轻的工具，由于其一键操作，因此易于使用。现在可以处理iPad的任何人都可以使用高分辨率3D全景图像捕获环境。

A few facts about the BLK360:

• Enables scanning at the touch of a button in high, standard and fast resolution
• Is a lightweight of about 1 kg (fits in a courier bag)
• 只需不到3分钟即可扫描完整的视野（以标准分辨率），并在150 MP下生成球形图像
• 产生360,000个激光扫描点/秒

VR培训的优势

• Reliability of the personnel in action: Routines in exceptional situations can be trained repeatedly
• Realistic environment with the feeling of being on-site
• Authentic learning impression
• 各种运动场景
• Possibility of repeated training
• Safety of trainers and trainees during exercise in potentially hazardous places
• Intuitive operation without special IT or programming knowledge
• Safe distance (in times of pandemics, like Corona)
• 提高患者安全
• 节省时间
• Attractive for voluntary work

VR培训对于培训师也有许多优势。培训的引言已经直接在系统中作为教程集成。在培训期间，综合软件可以通过线索或进度分析伴随培训过程，以检测和最小化受训者的错误。这减少了监督工作并加速培训。培训可以灵活设计，并且可以随时随地提供。学员和讲师单独和共同学习和工作。这也增强了团队的精神，并以有趣的方式激励利益相关者。

With all the advantages of virtual reality-based training, it must still be emphasized that VR education is a supplement and extension of the classic, traditional training. VR education can’t completely replace in-person training.

In situations when in-person training is particularly challenging, costly or even dangerous, the use of Virtual Reality technology is useful and recommended. Flexibility of scenario design, location independence, safe and realistic learning environment make VR training a very good supplement to classical training. The German Red Cross Kreisverband Herford-Stadt e.V. and its partners, including Hexagon Geosystems, are successfully carrying out pioneering work in the field of VR training and are already making digital training a reality today.

Contact us有关在VR教育中使用激光扫描的更多信息。