British military leads the world in shooting-range safety

每年，来自手枪，步枪和自动武器的数千万小武器弹，每年都会在英国的军事训练范围内发射。这些回合中的一些也可以行驶，即使在齐曲线后也可以行驶。许多范围很小，被限制，或具有不寻常的地形。因此，保护​​服务人员和附近的公众免受流浪巡回赛和Ricochets至关重要 - 但这是一项非常复杂的任务。

国防部在英国拥有240,000公顷的土地，包括16个主要和104个小型培训区，范围和营地。其中三分之二的人被称为国防训练庄园，仅用于为武装部队准备服务。每天约有9,000名三级服务人员（英国陆军，皇家海军和皇家空军）通过庄园。

范围安全的安全是由以前由皇家炮兵的Major（Ret’d）Charles Ross领导的Tri-Service Defense Safetnance Safety Group（DOSG）协调的。他依靠Leica Geosystems设备，包括无人机（无人机），多站和GNSS Rover来完成工作。

“我不能足够赞扬Leica Geosystems的一流支持。他们给了我们大量的建议，很快就会出来解决问题。我们很幸运，他们对我们正在做的事情如此感兴趣，而且他们从不说“不”。
-查理·罗斯（Charlie Ross），国防军械安全集团

Modelling ‘probabilistic solutions’
For each range they’re called in to assess, Charlie Ross and his team need to determine the ‘weapon danger area’. First, they gather industry-standard 3D point-cloud data, using Leica equipment, to map the area. This creates a very precise and detailed 3D digital model of each range, including the relative height and extent of the range floor.

接下来，该团队将这些调查的DFX输出馈送到他们内部开发的世界领先的弹道建模软件中。这模拟了射击武器的效果，并使用高度复杂的数学来模拟数十亿可能的轨迹。它标识了可能发生的ricochet，以及在哪个角度和距离处。这提供了统计概率，当与每个范围的地形合并时，确定了武器危险区域。

“世界上没有人会做我们做的事情。”
- Charlie Ross, Defence Ordnance Safety Group

Originally developed in 1996, the DOSG’s ‘probabilistic’ model is continually being enhanced to deliver maximum value. That’s why it’s the engine behind models used by other NATO alliance members, including the USA. DOSG also provides global consultancy services in partnership with the International Range Safety Advisory Group; for example, they recently surveyed and modelled two problematic ranges in New Zealand.

从人类主观性到非凡的准确性

According to Charlie: “Before we had the technology, a General would approve a range as ‘safe’ if it had been in use for 100 years and no one had ever been shot there! When it became clear that that was too subjective, smaller ranges and those with more complex topography were simply decommissioned. Then we moved into using an engineering contractor to do our surveys, but it wasn’t very satisfactory.”

Seven years ago, however, DSOG introduced equipment from Leica Geosystems and they haven’t looked back since. Their equipment currently includes:

• Theaibot x6智能航空测量无人机（无人机）
• TheNova MS60多站 - 世界上第一个自学多站
• TheGS18T– the world's fastest GNSS RTK rover.

Charlie says the Leica Geosystems kit has enabled the team to calculate risks with an exceptionally high degree of confidence. This means they can hold onto even the smallest and most complicated ranges and still keep everyone safe.

“The UAV delivers precision data very quickly. Where once it would have taken several days to photograph and gather point-cloud data for, say, six to eight hectares, we can now do it ourselves in around six hours, from launch to finished product. We know that our results are 99.99% accurate and crucially, we now gather and store all of our data ourselves. With all of the Leica geospatial survey equipment working together, we’ve dramatically improved accuracy - certainty from within five metres to just 10 millimetres today.”

Which is perhaps why the model has never failed in its calculations; failure would mean death or injury to a member of service personnel, an observer or a member of the public. “Our 3D representations are a major step-change in representing, in our model, the ground on our firing ranges, and they’ve never failed us,” says Charlie Ross.