主要城市建设网站的数字监控

卡尔斯鲁厄市在德国西南部的运输规划中起着决定性的作用，而不是：

• 30万居民
• 城市主要部分的160,000辆汽车
• 每年有1.9亿电车乘客。

Not only does the highway A5 influence the planning scenarios in the greater Karlsruhe area, but also the inner-city use of the state street B10. This is the most important inner-city east-west connection for the region. The city of Karlsruhe as well as the federal state of Baden-Wuerttemberg react on the development of the traffic and the whole region by launching two exceptional tunnelling projects for the relief of over-ground traffic with the project The Combined Solution.

这样的项目带来了公民的担忧。建筑噪音，日常生活的破坏，成本，污染和环境限制只是在从事此类大规模城市项目时必须考虑的潜在问题的一部分。

市政府和Karlsruhe铁路基础设施协会（Kasig）建筑商为此目的开展了长期且非常早的信息运动。这是以项目网站的形式进行的，还通过公共活动和信息中心进行。建筑商以及参与的建筑公司和财团的目的也充分利用了数字解决方案在建筑工地文档中的可能性。Leica Geosystems的测量解决方案由KarlsruheIngenieurbüroGeo GmbH使用是该数字文档的决定性因素。

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Highest accuracy from day one

建筑公司编辑。祖布林和施莱斯负责在Karlruhe的主要地区Ettlinger Tor旁边建造Kriegsstraßentunnel。加上Kaiserstraße的第二个隧道，两个建筑项目构成了Karlsruhe市的合并解决方案，该解决方案将分别从2020年和2021年分别显着改变内城的交通状况。

在Kriegsstraße中，这意味着车辆被带到地下，而电车，行人和所有自行车则移到地面上。在1,600米的路径上，道路隧道极大地改变了城市景观 - 以及在建筑工程期间。因此，也为此而特别重要的是建筑计划和随后的建筑监督。

The objective of the construction supervision cooperation, consisting of DB Engineering & Consulting, Emch+Berger and BUNG, is to obtain:

• highest accuracy in surveying
• 保存证据
• 监视。

Before working on new construction sections, the task was the initial surveying of the construction area as well as an area of 50 m in all side streets. The expected accuracy of the data was 2 cm. This task was taken over by the team of IngenieurTeam GEO, using the Aibot X6 unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Equipped with the RTK and GNSS module, this technology allows airborne data to be collected parallel to the on-site operation, delivering highly accurate data by combining the Aibot HP GNSS 2 and the Sony Alpha 6000 with a 20 mm lens.

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A special challenge when flying in the city centre

Around the project, the Federal Court of Justice and the Karlsruhe State Theatre are critical buildings. As is customary in the case of a tunnelling construction site, it must be ensured that the construction does not lead to unplanned changes in the environment. Any reductions or unwanted volume changes must be excluded. This exclusion has to be documented and monitored. Conventional methods can only be used to a limited extent in parallel to construction measures for security and time reasons.

然后，将无人机的使用视为以面向效率的项目过程的意义进行数据捕获的最佳解决方案。与使用陆地方法的纯粹基于点的数据采集相比，3D测量和监视的优点特别在于生成数据的各种用法方案。他们不仅可以从测量工程师的角度回答问题，而且还可以用作施工过程中交通路线的规划的基础。它们可以用于亲和回顾性的施工计划，并且几乎是实时计算的决定性因素。

一方面，您具有使用无人机的优点；另一方面，您面临在市中心飞行的挑战。因此，必须考虑到自动化飞行的规划，因此必须考虑到城市的狭窄，因此必须专门定义飞行路线和高度规划。由于现有的基础设施和开发而导致的起重机，植被和可能的磁场干扰对飞行的潜在干扰起作用。

Benjamin Busse, an experienced expert in the field of the use of surveying drones at IngenieurTeam GEO, has therefore placed special emphasis on the involvement of all stakeholders during the planning phase.

布斯说：“德国的新无人机法规不允许在联邦街道上航班。”

“得益于与所有利益相关者的良好关系，我们获得了B10上城市内航班的特殊许可，并通过交通，行人和电车。”

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Digital results and economic benefits

该项目的可交付成果包括：

• classical orthophotos
• high-resolution single images for documentation
• digital elevation models
• 点云。

同时，要求对交通路线计划进行检查。这是根据现有计划与原始计划相结合的。由于航班的数据和高信息质量，现在计划在季度监视，关键的数量计算以及通过鸟类的角度通过视频和照片补充建筑工地日记的补充无人机解决方案。

Using conventional measurement and surveying methods, not only significantly less data could be collected, a team of five people would have needed six weeks to deliver the desired results. The team of two people for the UAV workflow only needed seven days.

Conventionally, Leica Geosystems total stations were used. The UAV team worked with a Aibot X6 Version 2, the Sony ILCE-6000, the Aibot HP GNSS 2 as well as a Leica Viva GS15 GNSS Smart Antenna for measuring the ground control points. The costs for the client using the conventional method would have been 180 per cent higher than working with the UAV solution. The monetary perspective is even more attractive from the UAV operator's point of view: the costs for IngenieurTeam GEO using the UAV solution were only a fifth of the costs of conventional methods.

"We see the UAV technology as part of our tool box," adds Martin Schwall, co-founder and managing director with IngenieurTeam GEO. "From a customer's point of view, UAVs allow fast and digital results with many advantages for additional information."

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Digital workflows offer many advantages

The use of the UAV solution from Leica Geosystems offers a multitude of advantages. The digitisation of the processes associated with construction projects always depends on a high data quality and density. For example, the information from the UAV flights can be used not only for planning and monitoring but also for machine control and project communication tasks. In a further development step, the data of the UAV will also be seamlessly integrated into the software solutions of Leica Geosystems.

结果不仅更快，而且可以量身定制以满足个人需求。尽管常规方法生成选择性数据，但它们不会捕获图像数据，因此不允许数字可视化。使用基于无人机，相应的传感器技术（此处高分辨率RGB摄像机）的数字端到端解决方案以及用于后处理和数据处理的合适软件提供了真正的好处，例如：

• 3D测量信息
• 基于图像数据的并行检查的选项
• 与日常业务平行的数据捕获
• much higher safety for the locally working surveying engineers and UAV operators.

生成的数据是回答现有问题和将来的问题的基础，并将有助于存档从第一天开始所有施工的进展。

Leica GeoSystems地理空间解决方案部无人机无人机无人机瓦伦丁·富奇（Valentin Fuchs）表示：“作为下一步，莉卡（Leica Geosystems）将在构建，监视和测量的软件解决方案中将无人机解决方案完全集成。”“帮助我们的客户可视化信息，并使用所收集的无人机数据自动化和加速流程是未来发展的更广泛情况的一部分。”