Advancing geomatics techniques for heritage restoration

作者：Reka Vasszi

现代geomatics techniques, such as laser scanning, 3D modelling and photogrammetry are gaining more and more interest in the cultural heritage field. All the data acquired with these state-of-the-art technologies could be stored in a digital Building Information Model (BIM) database. Including all aspects and information concerning an architectural feature, such as the geometry, materials and restoration needs, BIM models can support any maintenance plan and the sustainable conservation of ancient buildings.

Training the future generation of heritage conservators with modern methods and equipment, is inevitable to preserve national sites and cultural treasures. DHARATAL, an architecture studio focusing on heritage conservation and sustainable development, and the Belgian Chapter of the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) in collaboration with Madhya Pradesh tourism are fostering the use of advanced technologies in the documentation of cultural heritage. The participants of a five-day workshop surveyed Rajnagar, a small historic town in the close vicinity to Khajuraho in India praised for its cultural and built heritage.

该研讨会旨在结合地理技术和恢复方法，以提供跨学科知识，并支持Rajnagar堡建筑群和Orchha历史悠久的花园的保存和文档。学生使用各种Leica Geosystems的设备和软件参加了第一手活动，以学习文档过程。参与者学会了如何：

• Carry out surveys using theLeica FlexLine TS06total station and the Leica VivaTS11手动总站。
• 用扫描仪P20捕获古老的建筑物P40High-Definition 3D laser. scanners Post-processed the data using气旋3D point cloud processing software andInfinity调查软件。

“I had a wonderful experience in this workshop. It was overall very well-managed and I learned how to combine geomatics and restoration techniques to preserve cultural heritage,”阿说。Sanjukta Das，Dy Patil技术研究所助理教授。

Exploring the lost gardens of Rajnagar and Orchha

The region of Khajuraho is a globally renowned tourist destination, visited for its temples dating back from the 9^th到12^th世纪。Khajuraho的寺庙集团是印度最受欢迎的联合国教科文组织世界遗产之一，该地区也对Rajnagar和Orchha的邻近堡垒和皇家花园获得了更多认可。

Rajnagar was a residential town of the royal families of Chhattarpur, where besides the royal palace and fort, several monumental gardens were built in the second half of the 18^th世纪。The history of these gardens is unknown, as archives do not exist and the oral tradition is also scarce about the majestic gardens of the Maharaja. The preservation of the lost gardens of Rajnagar ─ as it refers to the limited scientific knowledge about the gardens ─ was taken up by the Belgian chapter of INTACH to restore and to turn the gardens into training centres for sustainable and organic agriculture as well as promote sustainable tourism in the region for the benefit of the local population.

Rai Praveen Palace和Gardens的Bird's Eye。在上下文中可见的纪念碑是Jahangir Palace和Chatarbhuj寺。

该项目是Khajuraho和更广泛地区开发的翻新战略的一部分。该项目的第一步是记录网站的所有建筑特征，创建3D模型和数字数据库，以计划历史和科学知情的堡垒和皇家花园的重建。该研讨会向想要加深对地理方法和现代技术知识的学生开放。

“The workshop at Rajnagar was one of its kind – a digital documentation training for architects and architecture students,”阿说。Spa的助理教授Jivantika Satyarthi。

Training the future generation of heritage conservators

在研讨会的第一周，有29名学生接受了Leica Geosystems Total Station和Leica P系列3D激光扫描仪的培训。亚博5分钟快三参与者可以学习如何进行调查和记录历史建筑，在这种情况下，是恰塔尔帕尔统治的玛哈拉哈的弟弟的堡垒。

Students were taught classical surveying techniques, using total stations and learn more sophisticated methods, such as 3D modelling, virtual reconstruction, close range photogrammetry, laser scanning and drone photography.

为期5天的密集课程的结果是详细的点云，这是Fort Complex的3D模型以及未来保护工作的总体规划。

From digital realities to historic preservation

In the second week of the workshop, professionals documented and carried out a condition assessment of the Orchha garden. Both INTACH Belgium and Madhya Pradesh tourism board were presented with the documentation undertaken. The elaborate results helped to propose a future conservation management plan for the heritage structures and gardens.

“Fantastic documentation of Orchha Gardens and very good base for future reconstruction works,”stated Om Prakash Misra, senior consultant of Madhya Pradesh tourism board.

Training the next generation of surveying and heritage professionals with modern equipment and methods opens new horizons in heritage preservation – from planning in digital realities to taking actions on site.