Forensic Mapping: Polish Police uses Leica Geosystems total stations with CYBID's software eSURV for crash documentation

波兰警察局的事故重建培训。与Cybid的软件计划。
Source:Voivodeship警察总部Katowice

Leica Geosystems技术and CYBID's specialized forensic mapping softwarefor crash documentation deployed at the Polish Police.

External conditions for conducting documentation and investigation of traffic events play a significant role

In traffic accidents, as in other incidents such as crime or fire/arson scenes, Police agencies conduct visual inspections and preserve evidence. The evidence provides a basis for analyzing and reconstructing the course of the incident. Generally, documentation and an investigation must be conducted immediately following an accident/incident. Police officers working on-scene sometimes need to conduct collision documentation in difficult external conditions - in adverse weather conditions like snow, rain, fog, etc. In large-scale events of hundreds of meters in range, the documentation can be lengthy and sometimes needs to be done both: during the day and at night. Every investigation is different. In many situations, responders are further burdened by factors such as stress, the circumstances of the event, and the emotional state of the victims and witnesses. Quickly documenting, cleaning up and reopening an accident scene to traffic also means significant time pressures for everyone involved.

The characteristics and the variety of traces in traffic accidents should not be underestimated

需要记录的交通事故的痕迹不仅仅是直接在肉体上可见的机械镜痕迹，而且涉及事故的车辆的底盘。它们还包括在路面上剩下的各种轨迹。这些是事故重建和分析的重要指标。事故或碰撞所涉及的车辆通过滚动，制动，锁定，漂移或打滑创造了轨道和标记。此外，可能存在不同类型的划痕，例如，由倾覆的单轨车辆的接地接触引起的：磨碎的痕迹，干燥标记或玻璃，灯或其他破碎部件的碎片。换句话说，需要记录各种迹线和指标。精确测定道路上距离轨道的几何形状，例如标记打滑标记长度的点的确定通常仅在文档直接现场期间才有可能。

综合文档在事故重建中的作用

The result of traffic event documentation and evidence gathering must be objective and precise and include the detected traces, the condition of involved vehicles and possibly injured persons, and the spatial relationships of all objects, traces and surroundings of the accident. The secured evidence is crucial for the correct reconstruction of the event. The evidence determines the probability of valid conclusions regarding the traffic parameters: before, during and after the collision. The material has a significant influence on the determination of the accident course and causes.

部署Leica TS10andeSURVsystem at the Polish Police in Katowice.

The problem: Immense challenges on-scene. The solution: Leica TS10 total station and eSURV forensic mapping software.

The above-described set of factors a Police officer must consider when documenting an accident could impact a correct interpretation of what happened. The challenges at the scene regarding a visual inspection, the promptness of capturing the details of an event, taking into account the tracks' specification, the size of the investigated scene, the weather conditions, the people involved, etc., are immense. Nevertheless, Police authorities need to gather reliable evidence directly on-site for further investigation at a later stage.

赛比德, a Polish company specialized in the engineering of forensic mapping software and partner of Hexagon and Leica Geosystems, has developed a unique solution for traffic accidents documentation.

Leica-Cybid的解决方案是一个完整的系统，该系统由适合适当和全面的道路事故文档的硬件和软件组成。该系统为所有在事件现场工作的紧急团队（尤其是在最初的视觉事故检查和文档中，以及稍后对事件的分析和重建时，都为所有在事件现场工作的紧急团队提供有效和有效的支持。Leica-Cybid系统由各种软件应用程序（ESURV，PLAN，V-SIM，PHOTORECT）和LEICA FLEXLINE TS10 TS10总站组成。

徕卡TS10,高端手工全站仪,我s used for on-site accident mapping. The total station has an extended range of up to 10 km, making it suitable for documenting minor as well as major, long-range incidents. Due to its robustness, the TS10 can operate in temperatures ranging from -20 to +50°C. The Leica TS10 has an IP rating of 66, which means the device is strongly water and dust protected. The backlit screen and keypad, laser pointer, large 5" colour touch screen display allows for comfortable operation in different conditions and situations (day-night, working with gloves, etc.), and make the device an excellent tool for data collection of a traffic event.
To meet the demand for fast measurement of an accident site, the TS10 has been combined with CYBID's forensic mapping software eSURV. eSURV was developed and optimized specially for on-site measurement purposes. The workflow is simple: the data collected with the Leica total station on-site is analyzed and processed by the eSURV software, which creates a 2D drawing/a sketch also on-site.

The operation of the eSURV software is intuitive and minimizes the risk of human error. It corresponds with the current standard accident documentation methodology of the Polish Police. Even though the Leica TS10 total station was designed for geodetic and surveying usage, combined with the CYBID eSURV software, makes it easy for a trained law enforcement officer to document a traffic accident on-site without specialized surveying know-how.

Leica FlexLinetotal stationmit CYBID eSURV Software

除ESURV应用程序外，还有以下软件模块：

• 赛比德PLAN is designed for the creation of situational drawings/sketches and 3D visualizations. It contains modules for drawing roads and intersections, libraries including vertical and horizontal markings, silhouettes of vehicles and other road users (including body positions among others in case of personal injury), global and local reference systems, working in layers, visualization of weather conditions, support for WMS (orthophoto map), tools for dimensioning, scaling, import of bitmaps (e.g. photos, geodetic bases), vehicle databases, the possibility to import point clouds and 3D models.
  

赛比德PLAN - 3D visualization of the road accident scenario

• 赛比德V-SIM - is used to create simulations of traffic accident scenarios and vehicle collisions. The V-SIM program imports the sketches created in the PLAN program. V-SIM allows the analysis of the course and consequences of vehicles' collisions with each other, with other road users and with terrain obstacles. V-SIM has a built-in force transmission and impulse collision model and a driver's model for simulating the driver's behaviour, including the possibility of simulating driver’s failures and damage to the vehicle. In addition, V-SIM has a technical database of vehicle models and a video recording function. V-SIM also allows the visualization of different weather conditions. In this software module, the observer (witness) figure can be placed at any location on the scene. Same for the driver and the passenger of the vehicle.
  
  V-SIM被警察法医实验室和事故专家以及法院任命的专家（专家证人）广泛使用。
  

• 赛比德PHOTORECT - developed for the photogrammetric image transformation. It enables the conversion of photographs into metric ortho plans. PHOTORECT integrates the photographic documentation into a situational sketch. Photogrammetrically transformed images can be used, e.g. as a carrier of information about tracks or traces on the road surface, the geometry of the location and at the same time as an indication of geolocation of elements/details of objects (evidence).
  The Leica-CYBID system is currently being introduced to the Polish Police throughout the country as a standard tool for accident documentation. The system delivers reliable and fast documentation of a traffic incident and its location regardless of external conditions.

Leica TS10和Cybid ESURV解决方案将使波兰警察有可能向崩溃，事故专家或法院提供交通事件的数字文件，以进行分析，调查和重建目的。

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About the author: Dariusz Bułka, President of the Board of Directors of赛比德

25年来，DariuszBułka一直在开发用于崩溃和犯罪现场的文档，分析和重建的软件和系统。Bułkais the chairman of the board and a partner in the company CYBID. CYBID's solutions arewidely used by the Polish police and other public safety organizations, insurance companies, forensic experts and accident experts.

Dariusz Bulka is a research teams leader in a variety of projects conducted by CYBID together with leading Polish scientific institutions.

Bulka is also the head of research conducted by CYBID and the Central Police Forensic Laboratory, in the project developed in 2020: "The system of marking, recording and tracking the circulation of evidence with the use of modern geoinformation technologies".

毕业于计算机科学专业的电气工程，自动控制和计算机科学学院。克拉科夫AGH科学技术大学的专业“神经网络”博士学位。