两次用狮子扫描仪记录的国内恐怖袭击

Killeen, Texas Police Department forensic team, using a Leica Geosystems 3D scanner, plays a crucial role in crime scene mapping of two notorious high-profile incidents: the Ft. Hood shooting and the suicide plane crash into the Austin, Texas IRS building.

得克萨斯州的基林（Killeen） - 2009年11月5日下午1:30之后，在德克萨斯州胡德堡（Fort Hood）的美国陆军基地的警察局警察在该职位上警告了一名活跃射手的地区执法机构，这可能是不止一个 - 导致了一名现场射手在大规模伤亡中。在几分钟之内，基林警察局局长丹尼斯·鲍德温（Dennis Baldwin）是该邮政直接附近的130,000个城市，成立了事件指挥中心，并联系了胡德堡警察提供帮助。

鲍德温酋长在基林警察局任职27年，对可怕的罪行并不陌生。十八年前，一名狂热的男子撞到了附近的卢比餐厅，然后他用两把半自动手枪杀死了23人，并在自杀之前又伤了20人。这项事件是美国历史上一名枪手最致命的枪击事件，直到2007年弗吉尼亚理工大学大屠杀32名学生和员工。

“Several of us had been through the Luby’s massacre,” Baldwin explained,” And we knew what people were going through on the scene. In those situations there’s a lot of confusion and misinformation at first. We knew the best thing was to lend a hand but don’t get in the way.”

The Fort Hood authorities requested a tactical response team and assistance in stopping traffic coming onto the post. The Tactical Response Unit responded to assist in securing the area and search for any additional suspects, while surrounding agencies assisted KPD in traffic management near the post’s entrances. Fort Hood is one of the largest military installations in the world, covering 350 square miles and serving as home to 55,000 military personnel. Shortly thereafter, the base’s Criminal Investigation Division made a second request of Chief Baldwin: to send his department’s forensic team with its recently acquired Leica Geosystems’ 3D Laser Scanner.

鲍德温说：“我们是德克萨斯州唯一拥有扫描仪的第一个，也是当时唯一的机构，而霍德堡警察已经意识到了其非凡的能力。”“我们立即部署了我们的团队。”

“We were there within an hour after the shooting,” remembers Detective Keith Drozd (rhymes with rose), who led the team. “It was a very high-stress environment with people running around everywhere. Certainly the largest crime scene I’ve ever been on—a row of six buildings the length of a football field and almost as wide, a parking lot on either side of the buildings. Outside there was medical paraphernalia everywhere, blood everywhere on the ground. Windows broken where people had thrown chairs through the glass to escape. The dead were still inside the building, but the shooter had also come outside and shot people. A few of the wounded were still on the ground being treated.”

Drozd和他的团队上班，利用扫描仪的强大的远程测量能力，在建筑物内部和外部进行扫描。他们的映射工作至关重要。尽管很快负责调查的联邦调查局（FBI）有几次激光扫描仪，但有两名在伊拉克使用，而其他联邦调查局则回到了弗吉尼亚州的联邦调查局总部。区域机构调查人员只有一个总站，他们将其带到现场。

Drozd回忆说：“第二天，我们结束了扫描后，我们遇到了FBI计算机技术人员。”“他在CAD程序（计算机辅助设计）上工作了很多，我们能够下载到他收集的所有扫描数据上。后来，我们了解到（在Leica Geosystems的技术协助下）FBI能够在白宫简报期间发表令人印象深刻的演讲。很荣幸能给他们这些数据以向总统展示。”

Drozd credits the Leica ScanStation’s ease of use for giving his team confidence even while working in a highly charged environment under a national spotlight. “I can’t imagine how hard documenting a crime scene like Fort Hood would be without this Leica scanner. Using only tape measures, a total station and a plumb bob would have taken us days. With the ScanStation, even though your anxiety level is high and there’s immense pressure to get it right, you know this is a very easy instrument to operate.”

Chief Baldwin concurs: “The Fort Hood shooting, with its massive crime scene, really showed us what tremendous capabilities the Leica ScanStation has. The agencies in our area quickly came to realize how important the technology is to forensically mapping these very difficult crime scenes."

A little more than three months after the Fort Hood shooting, the Killeen Police Department’s forensic team was again asked to assist with a high-profile incident, this one in Austin, Texas, just 75 miles south of Killeen. At 9:56 a.m. on February 18, 2010, a suicidal, disgruntled tax payer, Andrew Joseph Stack, deliberately flew his Piper Dakota airplane into a seven-story office building containing the field office of the Internal Revenue Service. The collision caused a huge fireball and explosion that led to later speculation that Stack had replaced the passenger seats on his plane with drums of aviation fuel before taking off. The crash killed Stack and an IRS office worker and wounded 13 others, two seriously. Detective Drozd and three detectives responded immediately.

碰巧的是，联邦调查局的重大事件犯罪现场调查部门在其隔壁大楼的区域办公室举行了一场员工会议。首席调查员熟悉基林警察局在胡德（Fort Hood）事件期间与莱卡（Leica）3D激光扫描仪的出色工作，他立即与KPD联系，并要求他们的法医团队和扫描仪来到坠机现场。Drozd侦探和三名侦探立即做出了反应。

到达现场，Drozd再次发现自己在被媒体马戏团包围的聚光灯下工作。“有很多新闻卡车，到处都是卫星菜肴，记者和摄制组。建筑物的整个前部都被打碎，吹来并燃烧。我们在碎片田的外围设置了大约七十码，深六十码处。从建筑物吹来的档案柜，办公家具，玻璃和残骸都散落在各处。”

Drozd’s team was soon joined by Austin resident and Leica Geosystems trainer Karen Hughes, who lives just 15 minutes from the IRS building and who volunteered to provide any assistance that might be needed during the scanning. The crime scene they faced this time differed significantly from the Fort Hood setting. Here the primary focus was a large gaping hole in the front of the building between the third and fourth story.

Drozd解释说：“在我们身后是一个大泥土路堤，可能高30英尺。”“发生的事情是飞机实际上首先撞到了路堤并爆炸了 - 飞机的前端向上弹跳并进入窗户，而后端撞到了一个大钢支撑梁。与以前不同，我们面临着一个法医场景。”

Drozd解释说：“没有可能的方法可以使用传统的测量工具绘制该建筑物一侧的损害，更不用说访问它了。”“碰撞开口在我们上方三层楼，直到工程师确定它不会崩溃之前，没有人被允许。我们在整个建筑物方面工作，并捕获了多次扫描。Leica扫描仪表现完美。”

ScanStation的data files for both the Fort Hood and Austin crime scenes were essential elements of the evidence gathered in both incidents. In the Fort Hood shooting, a single assailant, Army Major Nidal Hasan, was charged. That case has not yet gone to trial, but the Leica ScanStation data files will be used to generate numerous exhibits for use in that court proceeding when it does take place.

“Regardless of what crimes our detectives are responsible for processing,” explained Chief Baldwin, “It’s nice to know that the Leica ScanStation is capable of handling it. The system is easy to use and quickly provides forensic mapping and allows detectives to virtually ‘return’ to the crime scene for investigative follow-up. My detectives believe it is truly a remarkable system. Moreover, there’s no better method to present a case in a court room.”

While the Killeen Police Department has used its Leica 3D scanner on numerous major crimes, its successful experience deploying the system in the extremely challenging crime scene environments presented by the Fort Hood shooting and the Austin plane crash provided a powerful validation of the Leica ScanStation’s formidable capabilities. “Unfortunately in today’s society, we are seeing horrific crimes committed,” Chief Baldwin concluded. “These crime scenes can be very difficult to process. Having a system that can forensically measure these scenes is invaluable to the law enforcement mission. I believe other police chiefs are realizing this
fact, as well.

Written by Tony Grissim