通过监测更深入地挖掘

作者：Martin Rub, Lidija Špiranec & Katja Omlor

Swiss Federal Railways (SBB)与温特图尔市一起启动了一个长期扩张项目，以提高温特图尔火车站的性能。Due to the increasing number of passengers deciding to go with this environmentally-friendly transport alternative – daily around 120.000 people – Switzerland’s fourth-largest railway station required a larger pedestrian underpass in the North for better entrances to the platforms, as well as an adjacent bicycle tunnel which connects the two parts of the city and is also leading to a large bicycle garage. The planned new pedestrian and bicycle underpass also included various stores for an enhanced shopping experience. For this complex project – especially when stopping the rail traffic was not an option – the SBB contractedArgeStraburg（Strabag AG和Burger Stahlbau AG）构造部分，而TerradataAG由承包商选择整个监视器ring and surveying scope of the project.

扩展具有功能性和视觉底色：作为提高旅行和生活质量的镜头，该项目应该有助于将Winterthur火车站变成一个有吸引力的城市门口，连接了旧城区中心和城市的新部分。新的行人和自行车地下通道，一个新的物流中心以及骑自行车的人的地下停车位将在选择这种运输工具时提高乘客的安全和舒适感。

Whenever a project touches people’s lives, especially in terms of their safety, selecting the best partners is of utmost importance.

高安全要求的大胆项目

Winterthur火车站的新的行人地下通道“ Nord”在现有的七个铁轨下通过。为此目的，工程联盟包括Locher Ingenieure AG，，，，F. Preisig AGand10:8 Architekten GmbH，创建了一个50米宽的走廊的概念 - 在建造的四年中，有14个临时铁路桥梁使其越过它。此外，要在项目期间安全地指导行人，puwi工程联盟为行人计划了一座单独的临时钢桥。出于安全原因，还需要监视此临时桥梁。最后，这个复杂的项目还涵盖了火车站上方的现有停车场，包括通道坡道。停车甲板将在火车站的顶部静态铺设。在地下区域，支柱必须暂时支撑新的地下通道天花板和停车甲板的预先提到的支柱。

Figure1：上面的停车甲板框架的新地下通道和临时支撑微孔的横截面。可视化还显示了停车甲板和临时桥（左右），包括锚。彩色点强调受监视点。Locher Ingenieure AG绘画。

During the construction, settlement and displacements of the operating tracks，，，，the temporary bridges and the existing parking deck, overlaying the train station, have to be permanently monitored every 15 minutes.

由于铁路需要保持完全运行和安全，监视系统Terradatainstalled sends alerts as soon as it detects movements outside of the defined thresholds. This complex project combines not only measuring track deformation but also monitoring other building processes during the complete overhaul of the parking deck. For these reasons, the temporary bridges are monitored by magnetic reflective prisms at every end (blue points). In front and behind the temporary bridges, the rail tracks are monitored every 4.8 m (blue points). The temporary pillars, supporting the parking deck (magenta points), are monitored on four different height levels to detect possible settlements while excavating their micropiles.

Figure2：Terradata’s concept for measuring all the coloured monitoring points.Locher Ingenieure AG绘画。

莫精密的区域也必须扩展到邻近的建筑物，以防止结构性破坏并确保人们的安全。Terradata AG使用大地和岩土监测传感器收集数据。根据收集的数据，计算了3D变形（例如铁路轨道的扭曲和沉降和其他典型的铁路参数）。

Figure3：Leica Geosystems监视天花板安装板上的总站。

Figure4：左：火车经过临时桥梁，由微孔支撑。右：轨道镇流器的过渡区域沿临时钢桥上。这两种结构均在三年内每15分钟每15分钟通过Leica总站进行测量。亚博5分钟快三

监视超级包装

Terradatarelies on Leica Geosystems’ total stations and its GeoMoS monitoring solution for automatic deformation monitoring, one of the crucial parts being theLeica Nova TM50监视总站。它是监视铁路运营的最佳工具 - 快速而安静，几乎没有被平台上的乘客注意到。

The equipment combination, chosen for the Winterthur site, was:

• 7Leica Geosystemsautomated monitoring total stations
• 420 glass precise reflective prisms
• 25用于建筑沉降监测的静静力水平
• 20 pressure sensors to monitor load
• 2vibration sensors to monitor structural vibration
• 40 crack meters to monitor the impact of underpinning the railway building
• 20 tilt sensors to monitor micropiles

Figure5：左：铁路建筑的基础建筑的BIM模型，其微型底座。右：将建筑物按在临时微孔上的挖掘工作（BIMF. Preisig AG）。

Figure6：Tedamos(Swiss Monitoring Solution by Terradata) Web Viewer with all measurements for the underpinning of the railway building. Two 3D Leica total stations monitored the façade. A water levelling system monitored the height of the existing building, and the expanding way of the 40 hydraulic presses was measured by crack meters. Biaxial MEMS sensors monitored the inclination of the micropiles. The monitoring project was continuous (24/7) with a measuring interval of up to 1 minute while activating the load presses.

Figure7：Example of the deformation time series of one parking deck monitoring point, showing seasonal effects (expanding and shrinking) of the steel structure (dL component) and the alarm levels in yellow, orange and red.

Figure8：Leica Geosystems监视倾斜支柱上的总站。

选择合适的合作伙伴

TerradataAG，，，，Switzerland’s largest provider of surveying and monitoring services, took on this exciting monitoring challenge.

“我们的解决方案旨在早期发现和防御潜在的危险 - 我们专门确保在结构，基础设施，土壤和自然危害起到主要作用的安全性，” Teamleader Monuraning表示。“温特图尔的铁路项目使我们能够应用整个设备和软件。我们选择了Leica Geosystems的监视解决方案，因为我们始终努力保持竞争优势。”

选择Leica Geosystems产品的主要原因是其总站的质量。亚博5分钟快三亚搏彩票手机版下载除了专业的利卡奇地理系统监控软件外，Terradata还使用其专有开发Tedamos（Terradata的瑞士监控解决方案）可视化数据。

Figure9：In addition to automatic monitoring, a vast number of manual deformation monitoring tasks are performed.

创新是唯一的未来策略

Terradata AG拥有一个强大的公司座右铭：“我们衡量和文件 - 无论建筑物和土壤在任何地方都起着主要作用。”后者与Leica Geosystems的口号完美联系，“当必须正确时。”在复杂监控项目中，强大的设备合作伙伴关系意味着客户需要能够依靠24/7的设备。Terradata AG急切地期望在通信部分中进一步的技术创新。Leica Geosystems期待着其他令人兴奋的项目，这些项目可以通过行业领先的硬件，软件和服务来确保安全，全部提供顶级monitoring solutions。

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