Underneath King’s Cross redevelopment

案例分析

Leica Nova TM50测量隧道

作者:Lidijašpiranec和Steven Thurgood

King’s Cross is one of the most significant reconstruction projects in London, UK. The area around King’s Cross Station had 67 acres of unused land, which was designated for development in 2008. The master plan included 50 buildings, 1,900 new homes, 20 new streets, 26 new public parks and squares and 26 acres of open space.

该主要铁路枢纽的更新工作始于2010年。该项目的主要限制之一是该地点下面有四个铁路隧道,这是与King Cross站的主要连接的一部分。这些连接每天被数十万通勤者使用。

为了进行开发项目,有必要在这些隧道的顶部建造邻近和越过。资产所有者的Network Rail结合使用,只要对隧道和轨道的任何移动进行分析,并安装了实时监控方案,就可以同意这可能发生。需要监视计划以确认预测的运动并衡量任何超越的运动,因此可以在发生任何损害基础设施之前停止工作,从而最大程度地减少对旅行者和火车的风险。

Due to the size of the project, its value and impact, the monitoring system requirements were rigorous:

强壮的- to last the contract duration of 12 years
Scalable- to accommodate expansion
准确 /精确- 自信地衡量和报告
可重复- to obtain consistent observation
自动化- to run in an environment with no manned access
连续- to operate 24/7
Accessible- to all stakeholders

Pell Frischmann这是英国领先的咨询工程公司之一,拥有将近100年的经验,接受了这一监视挑战。该公司在使用了各种Leica Geosystems的工具和设备已有30多年的历史Leica Geosystems的监视解决方案were the right way to go, on account of reliability, technical excellence, backup and support. Thus, the firm partnered withSCCS调查设备有限公司,六边形的一部分亚搏苹果app,英国Leica Geosystems测量设备的领先分销商,以提供所需的监视系统。

“Leica Geosystems’ long history of developing new products, whilst fully maintaining backwards compatibility, ensured the system could be expanded with the latest equipment over the extended duration of the project. At the same time Leica Geosystems’ maintenance and support network meant that spare parts and servicing would be available for all purchased equipment, whatever its age, over the entire project life-cycle,” said Gary Weekes, director asset management at Pell Frischmann. “The support of SCCS in helping to specify suitable equipment and assist with setting up the system was also a key driver in selecting Leica Geosystems equipment for the project.”

国王十字架上安装了两个独立的监控系统 - 主要的是,一个大地监测,具有自动总站(ATS),备用一个是岩土技术监测,可提供测量的冗余,提供更多信息,并提高结果的确定性和可靠性。亚博5分钟快三


伦敦隧道的量身定制解决方案

该项目使用的设备包括以下传感器:

Thameslink Tunnels:

Gasworks隧道:

  • 9 xLeica NovaTM50

  • 9 xAD12 self-levelling tribrachs

  • 82 x wisenmeshnet倾斜节点

  • 10 x WiSenMeshNET Tilt & distance nodes

  • 80 x Connected Strain Gauges via WiSenMeshNET interface nodes

  • 4 X Leica TM30

  • 4 x AD12自相旋使三曲线

  • 30 x wisenmeshnet倾斜节点

  • 6 x wisenmeshnet倾斜和距离节点

Kings Cross canal tunnels installation including a scaffold

The Leica TM30/50 monitoring total stations provided the ability to narrow the measuring laser beam detector sensitivity, eliminating the risk of interference from adjacent targets in these long linear sites, which is a unique ability of Leica Geosystems’ instrumentation. This enabled the system to be configured with fewer total stations while still maintaining the target frequency required by Network Rail. The monitoring instrumentation automatically measures:

  • 3D隧道位移通过测量五个横截面的五个棱镜阵列

  • 通过测量轨道上每个导轨的棱镜对,用于恒定,扭曲,量规和对齐的导轨几何形状

在隧道之外,测量了一个稳定控制点的永久网络,以消除总站的运动。亚博5分钟快三

无线倾斜节点安装在冠棱镜附近的隧道衬里上,并以3m的间隔轨道床/卧铺,以镜像铁路棱镜。无线倾斜和距离节点位于每个10米横截面的隧道衬里上,以测量隧道的收敛和卵形化。

安装了所有内容后,使用扫描仪及其专用软件的轨道几何测量设备用于测量/验证隧道,并确保监视设备清除过往的火车和运动式信封。

国王交叉棱镜和倾斜

使用Leica Geosystems促进了所有测量和岩土测量的数据获取和处理GeoMoS Monitor。允许分配优先级和控制观察值的软件,而观察频率则可以调节以匹配动态事件。棱镜测量的计算结果进一步用于计算数学得出值的虚拟观察点,从而使各种数据源的复杂计算成为单个计算模型。定制变量根据活动和仪器定义了变形运动限制,警报和动作。数据可视化和报告使用Leica GeoSystems的基于云的服务无缝集成现在的怪异!

由于复杂环境和长时间的线性nature of the project with only stable areas at each end, the total station data required correction to a homogeneous model rather than each unit working independently. Thus, a fully-integrated and automated least square adjustment of the control network was computed real time during the observation cycles using Star*Net software by MicroSurvey Software Inc., part of Hexagon. The GeoMoS system was then automatically updated with live network adjustment coordinates for the entire network prior to each monitoring array observation.

“现在使用Geomos!使我们能够为该项目建立简单,清晰的仪表板。在任何时候,有多个承包商现场,他们只对监视计划的各个部分感兴趣。Geomos监视器允许为每个承包商建立特定的警报制度,并在Geomos!Now!现在开发了个人仪表板,该仪表板特定于该承包商。”,Weekes解释说。


Overcoming monitoring challenges

佩尔·弗里施曼(Pell Frischmann)团队在监视期间必须克服一些复杂的挑战。在Thameslink隧道中,火车每五分钟以50 mph的速度通过,导致振动和空气运动,从而影响仪器的方向和水平。每三个月限制对隧道的访问限制为两个四个小时的班次,因此通过安装Geolaser AD-12自动拖动Tribrach找到了永久解决方案。这是通过Geomos显示器完全控制的。

在Gasworks隧道中,要克服的挑战有所不同 - 油性烟灰残留物。隧道中的砖砌层厚厚,从蒸汽和柴油火车在隧道中运行的几年开始。这导致在整个监控期间持续构建残留物。因此,作为主动维护计划的一部分,需要每隔几个月清洁每隔几个月的总电视机和棱镜才能保持信号强度。

在安装寿命上,在SCCS的持续支持下,监视计划运营商发现了创新的解决方案,以提高系统可靠性并降低运营成本。这还包括抗腐败配件和棱镜覆盖物,使它们能够抵抗隧道中发现的以前未知的环境条件的持续暴露。

Leica TM60运河隧道的装置,包括肮脏的乐器和煤气制造的棱镜

“设备在长时间的长时间内提供了准确且可重复的结果,而无需在标准双月维护访问之间进行手动干预。这在Gasworks隧道中尤其重要,在那里柴油残留物和漏水导致了一个特别严厉的工作环境,在这里,在维修之间,仪器必须在12个月内无障碍地操作。”

设备的可靠性和准确性确保了隧道附近开发的所有工作都可以在2010年以后的十年后继续进行。这种灌输了网络铁路对系统的信心,并且无需停止或慢速火车,避免任何经济罚款延误都将产生。”


Future-proof monitoring data

一旦完成国王十字的再生, monitoring of the tunnels will continue. The importance of this dataset rests in recording the natural movement and condition of the tunnel. This could become an important asset for engineers to determine life cycle extensions of the tunnels and to plan preventative maintenance.

“The client and all stakeholders were very happy with the system and its performance. They particularly liked the real time unlimited access to the data, which enabled them to check any minor triggers and see trending without the need for any specialist knowledge or training on the system. We plan on sharing our level of satisfaction with this product within this collaborative network of companies, so it can be utilised on a wide range of projects,” concluded Weekes.

“佩尔·弗里奇曼(Pell Frischmann)提供了与Leica Geosystems和更广泛的Hexagon团队紧密合作的创新解决方案。亚搏苹果app他们已经迅速回应了任何问题,包括过时的时间,并将项目从火车的任何延误的费用中挽救了。

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