Aloha Airborne

作者：莫妮卡·米勒·罗杰斯（Monica Miller Rodgers）

郁郁葱葱的热带植被。清爽的雨水。标志性的山区景观。

使夏威夷成为理想假期的确切功能也为空降映射者提供了最具挑战性的方面。伍尔珀特（Woolpert）是一家领先的国家建筑，工程和地理空间公司，敏锐地理解了这些障碍。该公司每年在100,000平方英里进行大约1,000个LIDAR任务，在克服困难的环境中精通以提供质量结果。

伍尔珀特（Woolpert）应对重型森林檐篷，云干扰和不平坦的地形，坚信在这种情况下使用LiDar的好处。该公司是Leica ALS80机载传感器等线性模式激光雷达的传统用户，该公司有机会以Leica Spl100的形式使用单光子激光雷达。格式开关可感知。

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Flying higher for more coverage

Contracted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Woolpert was tasked with capturing the entire topography of the big island of Hawaii and the Hilo Bay breakwater. The data will be used for:

·更改检测

·初步建筑计划

·斜率分析

·林业研究

·水文映射。

The coverage area is approximately 10,404 square kilometres, and Woolpert only had about two months to collect the data. The firm was also held to the criterion of Quality Level 1 (QL1) by the USGS, the standard level for the USGS 3D Elevation Program (3DEP), which requires data densities of eight points per square metre and vertical accuracy of 10-centimetre root mean square error, among other requirements. Under such constraints, Woolpert determined the SPL100 would be the best solution for the project.

“With the atmospheric issues we knew we would face, combined with the short time frame, we needed to be able to fly higher and gather more data in fewer passes,”said Mike Meiser, Woolpert project manager。“鉴于该项目区域中呈现出独特的地形和大气条件，我们看到了一种有效的手段，可以使用单光子激光雷达来做这件事。”

对于大区域项目，SPL100超过QL1标准，每平方米最多收集30点，以产生高密度点云。夏威夷的茂密丛林也更容易被捕获，因为SPL100专门设计用于穿透半孔的晦涩。Meiser表示，每秒发射600万激光脉冲并从每个出站脉冲中响应多次回报，该传感器为脉冲的高密度提供了有利的冠层穿透机会的机会。

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与技术接受合作

As a long-time partner, Woolpert worked closely with Leica Geosystems to develop the flight plan and process the captured data. To capture the large area, the island was split into five zones based upon terrain elevation, covering a range from 0 to 3,600+ metres. A 20 per cent to 50 per cent overlap from flight line to flight line with a 100-metre buffer around each zone assured continuous coverage of the entire island.

The captured LiDAR data and four-band frame imagery were processed in Leica HxMap, the unified high-performance multi-sensor workflow. With a single user interface, high-density point clouds were created on a weekly basis for delivery to USGS and NOAA. Under USGS’ National Map provision, the point clouds will be made available to the public as standard digital elevation models.

两家公司之间的密切合作伙伴关系使该行业中的单光子激光雷达的接受程度扩大，尤其是在使用高程捕获方面。

“Leica Geosystems has had the privilege to work on many new technology implementations with Woolpert over the years, and the use of the SPL100 on this data acquisition recognises a major step in the maturity of this technology from both an operational side as well as from processing and data quality perspectives,”GeoSystems地理空间内容解决方案部门COO Bruce Wald说。“This is the direct result of a continued development effort since the initial introduction of the technology, and the SPL100 meets the goal of providing a highly productive technology, targeted to high point densities and large areas.”

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继续捕捉，伴侣

在最近的夏威夷历史上遇到了最潮湿的冬季之一，飞行计划受到了严重影响，仅允许占领总10,404平方公里的43％。该项目的其余部分计划在2018年秋末捕获。

With the eruption of Kilauea Volcano on the big island of Hawaii in the spring of 2018 and, to date, the continuous flow of lava, the geography continues to be altered.

“Anytime you create map data, it’s dated as soon as the data leaves your hand,”迈瑟说。“When we go back, our goal will be to acquire as much as we can.”

Woolpert团队最初提供了该项目以前建立的地面控制点的数据。在第二阶段，团队将重新审视这些要点并根据需要重新建立。

继续使用SPL100和HXMAP，Woolpert团队已经与Leica Geosystems合作，建立了下一套飞行计划和数据处理可交付成果。由于没有其他可预见的延迟活动，该团队希望在2019年初完成该项目。

“We have a strong working relationship and certain comfort level with Leica Geosystems. This was a major reason for us selecting the SPL100 for this project,”迈瑟说。“我们对工作流程的熟悉使我们能够提高效率并提供更快的结果。”

无论是在度假中被游客享受还是为空降映射者展示障碍，夏威夷的独特功能都被准确有效地捕获，以进一步分析。凭借详细的高密度点云，USGS和NOAA等政府机构可以做出最明智的决定，以更好地支持社区，并向公众提供重要的信息。

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捕获北美最大的商业单光子激光雷达收购

在2018年春季，美国地质调查局（USGS）批准了迄今为止单光子激光雷达的最大收购。使用Leica Spl100，Woolpert捕获了南达科他州约9,650平方公里。该数据已被批准用于USGS 3D高程计划（3DEP），并最终将通过USGS国家地图网站向公众提供。

这个近100万美元的项目实现了SPL100的显着效率。Woolpert副总裁兼项目经理John Gerhard表示，与传统的线性激光雷达传感器相比，SPL更有效，可以从较高高度收集质量1（QL1）或更密集的数据。Woolpert为该项目部署了配备了SPL100传感器的双子指挥官涡轮螺旋桨飞机。

“Leica Geosystems开发并提供了去年引入的传感器，”格哈德说。“As 3DEP and the need for enhanced elevation data applications expand, it’s vital to employ the tools most appropriate to each project to best support the USGS and 3DEP. Leica Geosystems has been a great resource and an outstanding partner on multiple projects.”