通过3D激光扫描保留罗马“亿万富翁的别墅”

Author:Paula NoriegaFernández

西班牙中部昆卡的一座宽敞的罗马别墅“ Villa Noheda”是一个重要的考古遗址，是世界上最大的古代马赛克之一的所在地。这是由卡斯蒂利亚·拉曼查省议会（Castilla La Mancha Council）照顾的，他询问西班牙测量公司ABSCISA 3 d帮助创建一个最新的和完整的数字record of the site as it stands today. ABSCISA 3D chose to use a Leica Geosystems 3D laser scanning solution to create a three-dimensional reconstruction of the rural complex, working alongside archaeologists from Global Arqueología. The collected point cloud data will be compared with previous studies to track preservation work over time.

Capturing pieces of history: multiple phases of excavation at Villa Noheda

Considered an Asset of Cultural Interest (BIC) in Spain, Villa Noheda is managed by the regional government in Castilla La Mancha. The site was discovered by chance in 1984, when the then landowners were preparing the ground for crops. They found a mosaic which has since been uncovered to show six mythical scenes surrounded by geometric and plant decoration, roughly 300 square metres. Intensive exploration wasn’t carried out until 2005 and subsequent excavations have continued to make new discoveries including a series of rooms, a fountain and a spa. The latest survey by ABSCISA 3D will provide Castilla La Mancha Provincial Council with a record of the existing excavations for future study.

使用Leica RTC360 3D激光扫描仪进行快速，精确的数据捕获

For their work at Villa Noheda, the ABSCISA 3D team chose to use theLeica RTC360 3D laser scanner, “for the good relationship between scanning times and the high precision of the result,” explains Paula Noriega Fernández, engineer surveyor. “Weight also influenced.” The RTC360 is highly portable, ideal for a rural site, and captures detailed scans, including enrichedHigh-Dynamic Range (HDR)imagery, in less than two minutes. For data capture in the field, ABSCISA 3D used theLeica Cyclone FIELD 360移动应用。使用Cyclone Field 360，用户可以立即可视化其结果；它会自动预注册点云数据，以使用户能够快速进行现场质量控制检查。

Back in the office, ABSCISA 3D usedLeica Cyclone Core and Leica Cyclone 3DRfor point cloud processing. Noriega Fernández explains, “With theLeica Cyclone，我们从激光扫描仪导入数据并注册了点云。在处理大量点云时，旋风是安全和稳定的。我们总是与旋风一起工作。”她继续说：“我们以.e57格式统一和导出数据。和Leica Cyclone 3DR我们制定数字高程模型和地形计划，这是考古学家工作的基础。”

“场上的时间非常快，这使得工作成本降低了”

NoriegaFernández使用RTC360来获取将以多种方式使用的详细点云数据。她说：“我们能够获得一个密集的点云，该云可以计算矫形器区域的正晶和三维模型。”

NoriegaFernández说：“数据捕获的速度（每秒最多200万点）是对业务的真正好处，“我们已经验证了该领域的时间非常快，这使得工作成本降低了。透明可移植性还有助于控制成本，因为该工作只需要一名测量师：“这种类型的工作是由一个人完成的。这节省了人员。”

As well as being fast, the RTC360 laser scanner offers precision that can be checked directly on-site via Cyclone FIELD 360. Low noise data allows for crisp, high-quality scans that are rich in detail and ready for use in a range of applications. Noriega Fernández continues, “We always recommend the RTC360 3D laser scanner for these types of jobs. Its speed and precision are incredible.”

旋风核心：“与点云一起工作时令人难以置信的软件”

Once the field work was complete, the ABSCISA 3D team used Cyclone software for final point cloud registration and export to Cyclone 3DR. They then created the final deliverables, including a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). She explains, “The point cloud is the starting point for subsequent work, orthophotography, mapping, MDS, point cloud comparison of various work campaigns. Archaeologists need the DEM to know the heights of existing walls relative to mosaic and natural terrain, as well as the slope of the terrain. They study it and make the interpretations.”

“ Point Cloud还可以充当未来工作的数据库，并且需要政府拥有并留下遗产文档。在我们使用点云时，旋风似乎是一个令人难以置信的软件。”

An all-round solution for 3D laser scanning: “We believe that it is a very complete product”

Although it is an extraordinary site, the survey at Villa Noheda was in many ways a normal job for ABSCISA 3D. Noriega Fernández says that ABSCISA 3D uses the RTC360 in 95 percent of their field work, from scanning ancient ruins to 1970s houses ready for remodelling and from bridges to large industrial plants. “We use the RTC360 laser scanner for most jobs, both heritage, building, industrial and civil. We believe that it is a very complete product.”